解剖学和形态学
麻醉学
听力与言语-语言病理学
行为科学
心脏和心血管系统
细胞和组织工程学
临床神经病学
危重症监护医学
牙科,口腔外科和医学
皮肤病学
急诊医学
内分泌学和新陈代谢
肠胃学和肝脏学
老人病学和老年医学
卫生保健科学和服务
血液学
免疫学
传染病
综合和补充性医学
医学伦理学
医学信息学
医学实验室技术
医学,全科和内科
医学,法律
医学,研究和试验
神经系统科学
护理
营养学和饮食学
产科医学和妇科医学
肿瘤学
眼科学
整形外科学
耳鼻喉科学
病理学
儿科学
周围血管疾病
药理学和药剂学
生理学
基本医疗保健
精神病学
公共、环境和职业卫生
放射学,核医学和医学成像
康复学
生殖生物学
呼吸系统
风湿病学
运动科学
外科学
毒理学
热带医学
泌尿学和肾脏学
病毒学
老年医学
健康政策和服务
心理学,临床
abstract::The vascular relaxant effect of salbutamol and its dependence on the endothelium were studied in the isolated dog coronary artery, precontracted with prostaglandin F2 alpha. Salbutamol induced a concentration-dependent relaxation which was partially inhibited by removal of endothelial cells. Atenolol 10(-6) mol/l, a b...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000138804
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The intracerebroventricular injection of the cholecystokinin-A receptor antagonist L-364,718, at the doses of 0.5, 5, 10 or 20 micrograms/mouse, while having no effect on pain threshold (hot plate, 51 degrees C), antagonized the analgesic activity of morphine (10 mg/kg i.p.). This effect was obtained with a dose of 10...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000138798
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of the novel antihypertensive agent, carvedilol, on renal hemodynamics and excretory function have been investigated and compared with the effects of labetalol in conscious, spontaneously hypertensive rats. Sustained intravenous infusion of carvedilol or labetalol at a rate of 10 micrograms/kg/min resulted...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000138719
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of these studies was to evaluate the effects of the peptidoleukotriene (LT) receptor antagonist, ICI 198615, on the vasopressor responses produced by LTC4, LTD4 and LTE4. Conscious, normotensive rats were prepared with arterial and venous catheters for measurement of changes in arterial blood pressure and ...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000138699
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Opioid antagonists have been shown to prevent the occurrence of lethal arrhythmias following coronary reperfusion. In this study, we have examined the effect of a new, long-lasting, potent opioid antagonist, nalmefene, and congeners in the prevention of reperfusion arrhythmias in dogs. Nalmefene given at a dose of 1 m...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000138713
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Desferrioxamine (DFO) metabolism and its pharmacokinetics were studied in a swine model using high-performance liquid chromatography. DFO and three iron-binding metabolites occurred in plasma. Interindividual differences in pharmacokinetics and metabolism were observed. Urine analysis in 4 pigs showed three iron-bindi...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000138730
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Four monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) to phenobarbital-induced cytochrome P-450 (PB-P-450) show different patterns of inhibition of PB-P-450 catalyzed aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase (AHH), 7-ethoxycoumarin deethylase, benzphetamine demethylase and ethylmorphine demethylase. The inhibition constants vary depending on the ind...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000138677
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Angiotensin II (ANG II) is a potent vasoconstrictor in most vascular beds. We studied the role of cyclooxygenase products and/or endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF) in modulating the pressor response to ANG II in the isolated, blood perfused dog lung. ANG II was given as a bolus dose of 2, 4 and 8 micrograms be...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000138709
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A comparison was made of the anti-ischemic effects of dihydropyridine calcium antagonists in isolated globally ischemic rat hearts. Pretreatment with amlodipine, nifedipine, nitredipine, or nisoldipine reduced reperfusion enzyme (lactate dehydrogenase) release and contracture after 25 min of global ischemia and 30 min...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000138652
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study examined the interaction of opioidergic systems in the hypotensive action of atenolol. Anesthetized, adult spontaneously hypertensive (SHR) and Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rats were instrumented to monitor blood pressure and heart rate. Atenolol (100 micrograms/kg, i.v.) produced a decrease in blood pressure ...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000138585
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of repeated administration of U-50,488H, a kappa-opioid receptor agonist, on the development of tolerance to its analgesic effect and on the 5-HT1 and 5-HT2 receptors in the cerebral cortex and spinal cord of the rat were determined. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were injected twice daily with U-50,488H, (25 mg/...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000138591
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of 3 alpha 2-adrenergic receptor agonists on renal function in vasopressin (AVP)-deficient Brattleboro (DI) rats were evaluated. The aim of this study was to determine the relative contribution of central versus peripheral alpha 2-adrenoceptors in mediating diuresis and natriuresis, as well as the role of ...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000138604
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The endocrine (plasma renin activity, insulin and ADH) and hemodynamic responses (heart rate and mean arterial pressure) to isoprenaline infusion were examined in conscious deoxycorticosterone-salt hypertensive rats (DS) and compared with uninephrectomized-salt control rats (US). A dose-related rise in plasma renin ac...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000138522
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Both acute and chronic oral administration (1-20 mg/kg) of FCE 22716, a new ergoline derivative, resulted in a dose-related fall of arterial blood pressure lasting for more than 6 h. Tachycardia was observed only at high dosages. Yohimbine, propranolol and indometacin did not modify its antihypertensive effect; on the...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000138523
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The vasodepressor responses to intravenous injections of arachidonic acid, and the formation of its metabolites, were studied in rats made diabetic 1 or 2 weeks after a 1-dose alloxan treatment. Arachidonic acid dose-dependently decreased the diastolic blood pressure in normal animals, but this hypotensive effect was ...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000138612
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Binding of cefpiramide (CPM) and other beta-lactam antimicrobial agents to 2(3)-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole (BHA)-induced liver glutathione (GSH) S-transferases (EC 2.5.1.18) from CD-1 mice was studied. A marked induction of hepatic GSH S-transferase from mice fed BHA was observed. Gel chromatography of liver cytosol ...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000138600
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several attempts have been made in order to classify the gastrointestinal motility disorders; they are mainly based upon the type of disorder in transit and the region of the gastrointestinal tract affected. Many digestive motor disturbances do not constitute entities, but are pathophysiologic mechanisms that may cont...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1159/000138417
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of sennosides on uterine motility were evaluated by electromyography in healthy adult ewes between day 70 and 120 of pregnancy to assess possible disturbances of the physiological pattern of contractility and eventual risks in pregnancy maintenance. At this stage of pregnancy, the ovine genital tract prese...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000138441
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The metabolism of sennosides is discussed in view of the results obtained during the last years. Rhein anthrone is to be considered as the ultimate active form produced by microorganisms in the colon. Several contributions of this senna symposium bring complementary information of utmost interest. ...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000138431
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The influence of changes in the sodium balance on angiotensin II-induced pressor responses were studied in the pithed rat preparation, which is characterized by a highly activated renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) with high plasma renin and angiotensin II concentrations. The pressor response to angiotensin I...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000138460
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The histamine levels in rat plasma treated with various new trypanocidal diamidines and diimidazolines were evaluated by HPLC and fluorometric detection. Equimolar doses (10 mumol/kg) of the new compounds raised the plasma histamine level to a much smaller degree than pentamidine or diminazene. ...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000138385
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Regional cerebral metabolic rates of glucose (rCMRglu) were measured in conscious rats grouped according to three treatments: control, bicuculline (5.5 mg/kg s.c.), and intracerebroventricular arginine vasopressin (0.5 micrograms/5 microliter). Rats in the latter group were pre-exposed to the peptide 48 h earlier to r...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000138340
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The pathogenesis of aplastic anemia from chloramphenicol (CAP) remains uncertain. Recent observations suggest that metabolites of CAP generated by intestinal bacteria may play an important role in mediating hematotoxicity from the drug. Thus, it is possible that once in circulation and after passage through the liver,...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000138394
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Protective influence of verapamil upon ouabain-induced cardiac arrhythmias was investigated in anesthetized (alpha-chloralose 60 mg/kg and urethane 500 mg/kg) open-chest guinea pigs. Verapamil in doses between 100 and 150 micrograms/kg significantly increased (80-90%) the dose of ouabain, necessary to cause ventricula...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000138326
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In an experimental model of haemorrhagic shock that causes 100% mortality in rats within 30 min, the intravenous bolus injection (20 micrograms/kg) of sulfated cholecystokinin octapeptide (CCK-8) induces a prompt and sustained rise in blood pressure and pulse amplitude, all treated animals still surviving at the end o...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000138480
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The M1-selective antimuscarinic drugs pirenzepine and telenzepine moderately reduce gastric acid secretion without inhibiting smooth-muscle activity as much as nonselective antimuscarinics, e.g. atropine and 1-hyoscyamine. They hasten peptic ulcer healing and improve the symptoms of reflux oesophagitis. In combination...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1159/000138507
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several experiments suggested that vaccines might inhibit liver drug-metabolizing enzymes, an assumption in agreement with other findings obtained with most immuno-enhancing agents. A direct, non-specific activation of macrophages with subsequent release of interleukin 1 may account for this inhibition. The purpose of...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000138370
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of nisoldipine on myocardial performance and large coronary artery diameter, resistance and cross-sectional area were studied in rabbit hearts in situ. Changes in mean internal diameter of coronary artery segments were visualized using color arteriography; changes were computer-calculated. Nisoldipine had ...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000138451
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cinnamedrine is an active ingredient in preparations used to relieve dysmenorrhea. It has been reported to have local anesthetic properties in nerve. This property prompted us to evaluate the effects of cinnamedrine on the cardiac action potential. Cinnamedrine (10-35 microM) significantly reduced the overshoot and ma...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000138281
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::When guinea pig isolated trachea is contracted with either carbachol or methacholine, relaxant concentration-response curves to isoprenaline, salmefamol and fenoterol were shifted to the right, compared with curves obtained with either spontaneous or histamine-induced tone. Carbachol and methacholine also reduced the ...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000138256
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pain and mental status were assessed in a series of 35 consecutive hospitalized patients with metastatic cancer receiving narcotics for pain that was difficult to control. Forty-five episodes of mental status impairment were detected in 27 of these patients. Fifteen patients had dose-related oversedation or organic br...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000138294
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Verapamil-induced cardiovascular depression has been examined in dial-urethane-anesthetized open chest dogs. Verapamil was administered slowly intravenously until the mean arterial pressure was decreased by approximately 45 mm Hg. The dose of verapamil required to reach the hemodynamic endpoint was 1,495 +/- (SE) 165 ...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000138317
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of beta-adrenoceptor antagonists on the receptor-mediated low density lipoprotein (LDL) binding and internalization was studied in vitro in human skin fibroblasts. The cellular uptake of 125I-labeled human LDL was dose dependently elevated by some, but not all, of the drugs used. This effect of beta-adrenoc...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000138272
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Acetylsalicylic acid (ASA; 0.1-10 mg/kg), indomethacin (IND; 0.1-1.0 mg/kg), and tartrazine (TZ; 0.1-2.0 mg/kg), given intravenously induced dose-dependent increases in carotid-sinus nerve (CSN) activity, accompanied by increases in mean arterial blood pressure (MABP), but only the IND-induced MABP increases were dose...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000138258
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The mechanisms by which captopril inhibits vasopressin-stimulated osmotic water flow in the toad bladder have been investigated in vitro. Captopril has two possible mechanisms for the inhibitory action on the water flow, one is its stimulative effect on prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) biosynthesis by inhibition of kininase II...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000138300
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tetraethylammonium chloride (TEA) at concentrations over 10(-3) mol/l produced a concentration-dependent contraction in the isolated canine coronary artery. We investigated mechanisms of the contractile response and the effects of various vasodilators on the contraction. While phentolamine, propranolol, guanethidine, ...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000138224
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The antihypertensive effect of chronic administration of L-tyrosine (Tyr) was investigated in a two-part study. In the first experiment, adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned to 1 of 4 treatment groups: control diet plus unilateral nephrectomy (Nphx) and 0.15 M NaCl (Sal) as the sole drinking solution (C-CTRL);...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000138234
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of morphine, fentanyl, pethidine and pentazocine was studied in gerbils against air blast-induced seizures. Major, generalized seizures were suppressed by morphine (ED50 = 4.0 mg/kg s.c.), fentanyl (ED50 = 64 micrograms/kg s.c.), and pethidine (ED50 = 2.4 mg/kg s.c.), but not by pentazocine. The anticonvuls...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000138189
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using the method of staining mucus with Alcian blue and destaining it with magnesium chloride, it was found that intragastric administration of carbenoxolone in mice did not significantly affect duodenal mucus synthesis at doses which remarkably increased gastric mucus synthesis. However, in vitro study showed that ca...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000138201
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mast cells from different locations are shown to vary in their histochemical, ultrastructural, cytochemical and functional properties. The clinical consequences of this heterogeneity and possible reasons for its origin are discussed. ...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1159/000138153
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00